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chassagne f medicinal plants anti infectives 2022

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Textbook in PDF format Medicinal Plants as Anti-infectives: Current Knowledge and New Perspectives provides comprehensive and updated data on medicinal plants and plant-derived compounds used as antimicrobials in a range of locations (such as the Balkans, Colombia, India, Lebanon, Mali, Pakistan, Southeast Asia, South Africa, and West Africa). It also provides an overview on the most recent innovations and regulations in the field of drug discovery from ethnobotanical sources. This book will help readers to better appreciate the role of plants and phytomedicines as anti-infectives, to better assess the health benefits of plant-derived products, to help implement new methodologies for studying medicinal plants, and to guide future researchers in the field. Medicinal Plants as Anti-infectives: Current Knowledge and New Perspectives is a valuable resource for students, academic scientists, and researchers from the fields of ethnobotany, pharmacy, medicinal chemistry, and microbiology, as well as for professionals working in national or international health agencies, or in pharmaceutical industries. Front Cover Medicinal Plants as Anti-infectives Copyright Page List of contributors Preface Medicinal plants as anti-infectives: an appraisal of current knowledge worldwide A review of medicinal plants used as antimicrobials in Colombia Introduction Materials and methods Plants traditionally used in Colombia as antimicrobials Jacaranda caucana Pittier (Bignoniaceae) Solanum nudum Dunal (Solanaceae) Hymenaea courbaril L. (Leguminosae) Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae) Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. (Malvaceae) Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) Austroeupatorium inulaefolium (Kunth) R.M.King & H.Rob. (Asteraceae) Biological evaluation as antimicrobials of plant extracts in Colombia Antibacterial activity Otholobium mexicanum (L.f.) J.W. Grimes. (Fabaceae) Cucurbita moschata Duchesne (Cucurbitaceae) Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) Conobea scoparioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Benth (Scrophulariaceae) Rosmarinus officinalis Govaerts. (Lamiaceae) Antiparasitic activity Miconia theaezans (Bonpl.) Cogn. (Melastomataceae) Annona purpurea Dunal (Annonaceae) Guatteria amplifolia Triana & Planch. (Annonaceae) Annona muricata Linn. (Annonaceae) Austroeupatorium inulifolium (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob. (Compositae) Campnosperma panamense Standl. (Anacardiaceae) Huberodendron patinoi Cuatrec. (Bombacaceae) Monochaetum myrtoideum (Bonpl.) (Melastomataceae) and Acnistus arborescens Linn. Schltdl. (Solanaceae) Swinglea glutinosa Merr (Rutaceae) Antiviral activity Annona sp. (Annonaceae) Byrsonima verbascifolia L. DC (Malpighiaceae) Vismia macrophylla Kunth. (Clusiaceae) Antibacterial evaluation of 25 native plants of the Colombian Caribbean region against strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsie... Mammea americana L. (Calophyllaceae) Maclura tinctoria L. D.Don ex Steud. (Moraceae) Conclusions References Plants used in Lebanon and the Middle East as Antimicrobials Introduction: overview on medicinal plants and their traditional uses as antimicrobials in Lebanon Lebanese plants with antimicrobial activity Amaryllidaceae Allium cepa/Allium sativum Anacardiaceae Pistacia species Apiaceae Prangos asperula Asteraceae/Compositae Matricaria species Berberidaceae Berberis libanotica Cannabaceae Humulus lupulus Cistaceae Cistus species Conifers Lamiaceae Phlomis species Cyclotrichium species Salvia species Rosmarinus officinalis Thymol/carvacrol rich species Za’atar plants: Satureja thymbra; Origanum syriacum Different Lamiaceae genera Thymbra spicata Myrtaceae Eucalyptus species Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea Ranunculaceae Clematis vitalba Nigella sativa Rutaceae Ruta species Rosaceae Rosa damascena Conclusion References Medicinal plants in the Balkans with antimicrobial properties Introduction Medicinal plants with antimicrobial properties Amaryllidaceae Allium sativum L. Apiaceae Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss Asteraceae Achillea millefolium L. Artemisia absinthium L. Calendula officinalis L. Matricaria chamomilla L. Betulaceae Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. Lamiaceae Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Mentha longifolia (L.) L. Mentha x piperita L. Ocimum basilicum L. Origanum vulgare L. Malvaceae Althaea officinalis L. Malva sylvestris L. Pinaceae Larix decidua Mill. Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. Rosaceae Agrimonia eupatoria L. Prunus spinosa L. Rosa canina L. Rubus fruticosus L. Urticaceae Urtica dioica L. Conclusions References Medicinal plants used in South Africa as antibacterial agents for wound healing Introduction Pathophysiology of wound healing Wound infection Currently available treatments and products Topical creams Transdermal drug delivery systems Bacteria associated with infections of dermal wounds Bacillus subtilis Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus epidermidis Pseudomonas aeruginosa South African medicinal plant species with activity against wound-associated bacteria Aloe barberae Dyer Traditional usage Aloe excelsa Berger Traditional usage Aloe ferox Miller Traditional usage Elephantorrhiza elephantina (Burch.) Skeel Traditional usage Erythrina lysistemon Hutch Traditional usage Galenia africana L Traditional usage Grewia occidentalis L Traditional usage Melianthus comosus Vahl. Traditional usage Plectranthus fruticosus L’Hér Traditional usage Polystichum pungens (Kaulf.) C. Presl Traditional usage Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br. Traditional usage Urtica urens L. Traditional usage Compounds present in plants traditionally used for wound healing in South Africa Aloe species Elephantorrhiza elephantina Erythrina lysistemon Galenia africana Melianthus comosus Plectranthus fruticosus Sutherlandia frutescens Discussion Conclusion Index Glossary References The use of South African medicinal plants in the pursuit to treat gonorrhea and other sexually transmitted diseases Introduction Background on gonorrhea The causal agent: Neisseria gonorrhoeae Pathogenesis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and evasion of host immune system Evasion of host immune system via nutrition immunity Coinfections of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Status of available treatments for gonorrhea Selected South African plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases and their bio... Aloe ferox Cassia abbreviata Combretum molle Elaeodendron transvaalense Hypoxis hemerocallidea Peltophorum africanum Tabernaemontana elegans Terminalia sericea Conclusion References Antibacterial activity of some selected medicinal plants of Pakistan Introduction Antibacterial properties of different medicinal plants from Pakistan Conclusion References 7 Medicinal plants used as antidiarrheal agents in the lower Mekong basin Introduction Traditional medicine for diarrheal diseases in the Mekong Basin The role of traditional medicine in the management of diarrhea The cultural belief system of people living in the Mekong area Pharmacological validation of plants used for diarrhea Models assessing the effect of plants on the signs and symptoms of diarrhea Antidiarrheal effect Spasmolytic activity Models assessing the antimotility and antisecretory activities Antimotility activity Antisecretory activity Models assessing the antiinfective properties Antibacterial activity Antiviral and antiparasitic activity Other models Medicinal plants used for diarrhea in the lower Mekong basin Literature search methodology Overview of the dataset Discussion of some selected plant species Psidium guajava Chromolaena odorata Alstonia scholaris Allium sativum Centella asiatica Punica granatum Caesalpinia sappan Mangifera indica Holarrhena pubescens Oroxylum indicum Conclusion References Medicinal plants from West Africa used as antimalarial agents: an overview Introduction Traditional use of medicinal plants in West Africa Plant extracts and plant compounds validated by in vitro and/or in vivo approach In vitro antimalarial evaluation of plant extracts In vivo antimalarial evaluation of plant extracts In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antimalarial compounds Clinical trials in humans for the evaluation of antimalarial plants and compounds The case of Artemisia in West Africa Conclusion References Medicinal plants as anti-infectives: recent innovations and regulations Mycobacterial quorum quenching and biofilm inhibition potential of medicinal plants Introduction Significance of quorum quenching research Current state of quorum quenching research Quorum sensing versus quorum quenching Biofilms Background on biofilms Biofilms and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Virulence factors Background on virulence factors Virulence factors and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Medicinal plants as quorum quenching agents Medicinal plants and mycobacterial quorum quenching Phytochemicals used in bacterial quorum quenching Conclusion References Untargeted metabolomics for the study of antiinfective plants Introduction Plants as sources of antiinfective agents Bioassay-guided fractionation Metabolomics Methods of detection Data analysis Biochemometrics Metabolomics-driven antiinfective discovery from plants Challenges and future directions Metabolome coverage Annotation/identification Synergy Conclusions References Value chains and DNA barcoding for the identification of antiinfective medicinal plants Introduction Taxonomy and DNA barcoding Infectious diseases and antiinfective plants Herbal products, commercialization, and quality issues of antiinfective plants Advancements in quality control methods Materials and methods Results and discussion Embelia ribes—anthelmintic plant Swertia chirayita—antiviral plant Picrorhiza kurroa—antiviral plant Paris polyphylla—anthelmintic plant Saussurea costus—anthelminthic/antiparasitic plant Syzygium aromaticum—antimicrobial plant Andrographis paniculata—antimicrobial plant Future perspectives References Fungal endophytes: a source of antibacterial and antiparasitic compounds Introduction Current situation of microbial infections Microbial natural products as sources of new drugs Endophytic fungi Antimicrobial compounds from endophytic fungi Antibacterial compounds Alkaloids Pyrazin-2-one Piperine Pyrrocidines Bisindoles Peptides Dipeptides Polypeptides Polyketides Chromones Quinones Xanthones Benzofurans Octaketides Benzophenones Terpenoids Antivirulence compounds Antiparasitic compounds Antileishmanial compounds Polyketides Polyketide-alkaloids Terpenoids Antiplasmodial Alkaloids Polyketides Polyketide-alkaloid Polypeptides Terpenoids Antitrypanosomal/antiplasmodial/antileishmanial compounds Polyketides Polypeptides Discussion and conclusion References Antiviral potential of medicinal plants: a case study with guava tree against dengue virus using a metabolomic approach Introduction Dengue disease Conventional treatment Medicinal plants Case study: metabolomics reveal antidengue compounds isolated from Psidium guajava Introduction Psidium guajava: a potential antidengue medicinal plant A metabolomic approach in antiviral compound identification Objectives Results UHPLC-HRMS-based metabolomics approach Antidengue activity Identification of putative antidengue compounds Antidengue assay of pure authentic standards Discussion Materials and methods Plant collection Leaf extraction Cells and virus Extracts preparation Cell viability assay Virus infection UHPLC-HRMS profiling Data processing Statistical analysis Identification of significant features References How history can help present research of new antimicrobial strategies: the case of cutaneous infections’ remedies contai... Introduction Brief history of Arabic medicine Principles of Arab medicine: theoretical aspects Arab sources of pharmacology: the aqrābādhīn, a constituted literature Cutaneous infections and medications The specificity of skin and eye diseases in the pharmacopeias and the nature of the diseases treated Plants and metals useful for skin diseases Toxicity of metals Renewed interest in metal–organic molecule combinations Elementary metal particle Organometallic molecule Metal nanoparticles Characterization of plant–metal combinations Conclusion References Improved traditional medicine for infectious disorders in Mali Introduction General information on improved traditional medicines Definition Regulatory framework Categories of improved traditional medicines Marketing authorization files for ITMs in Mali Historical development of ITMs in Mali ITMs in the management of infectious diseases ITMs for the management of malaria Malarial 5 Presentation of ITM Malarial 5 Plant data Sumafura Tiemoko Bengaly Presentation of ITM Sumafura Tiemoko Bengaly Plant data Wolotisane Presentation of ITM Wolotisane Plant data ITM for the management of dysentery Dysenteral Presentation of ITM Dysenteral Plant data ITM for the management of viral hepatitis Samanere Presentation of ITM Samanere Plant data ITM for the management of gastric ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori Calmogastryl Presentation of ITM Calmogastryl Plant data ITM for the management of dermatosis Mitradermine Presentation of ITM Mitradermine Plant data Conclusion and perspectives Index of ITMs References Selecting the most promising local treatments: retrospective treatment-outcome surveys and reverse pharmacology Introduction Clinical efficacy Reverse pharmacology approach Step 1: Retrospective treatment outcome study Steps 2 and 3: clinical evaluations Step 4: Laboratory stage New and promising approaches for the laboratory stage in a reverse pharmacology approach Changes of paradigms Pharmacokinetics Models to study absorption and biotransformation of natural products and herbal preparations Deciphering the mode of action of herbal preparations: successes and limitations Examples of application of metabolomic studies in human Case study: perspectives on the Phaleria nisidai decoction study Conclusion and perspectives References Nagoya Protocol and access to genetic resources Introduction History and evolution of concepts Development of environmental awareness Concept of biodiversity The Convention on Biodiversity Problems left unsolved by the CBD The Nagoya Protocol The national biodiversity legislations Practical advice Discussion Non stabilized and heterogeneous regulations Ambiguities Some paradoxical effects Legal certainty New trends and evolutions The curious case of pathogens Digital sequence information Biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction Conclusion References Index Back Cover

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chassagne f medicinal plants anti infectives 2022