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india invented

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Video Title: India invented: an exploration of culture and civilisation in historical outline Author(s): Das, Arvind N. ; Ghosh, Avik. ; Sinha, Aradhana. ; Deshpande, Prachi. ; Chandavarkar, Bhaskar. Civilizations get formed over millenia. But nations are invented. In his book "India Invented", he made the observation that India is not something waiting to be discovered, as Jawaharlal Nehru had treated it in his Discovery of India, but something that is to be constantly invented in the process of understanding it- that was his statement of praxis. Year: 1999 Excerpts: Jainism preached a life of simplicity and frugality in which acts of violence were particularly to be avoided. No lay Jain could take up the profession of Agriculture since this involved not only the destruction of plant life but also of many living beings in the soil itself. It was perhaps for this reason that the Jain lay community took largely to trade. As a consequence, they also became relatively prosperous. An interesting aspect of the rulers of Gwalior, as for that matter, many rulers in these parts, is that they did not start with a high social position or a high ritual position. They achieved high ritual position. The various houses of Kshatriyas which claimed to have ruled over Gwalior for instance, were not originally Kshatriyas. The Huns were no Kshatriyas. The Kachvahas, the Parihaars, the Tomars also became Kshatriya. And they did so by performing various sacrifices which the Brahmins ordered for them. An interesting sacrifice was where the king would enter into a golden pot and emerge out of it as a kshatriya. The pot of course was kept as DakshiNa by Brahmins. The Guptas certainly didn't have that kind of golden age if you go by archaeological excavations. Indeed, it was not the Guptas who created Nationalism, but 20th century Nationalism that effectively created the Guptas. The Portuguese came to India in 1498. Now one of the reasons why they had come to India with such zeal was because of the Spanish inquisition which was going on Europe in that time. The inquisition made them to seek to convert the Indian population, particularly in Goa. They tried all kinds of methods-blandishments, torture. In fact it was said that the Portuguese came to India with the Bible in one hand and the sword in the other. However, large scale conversions became possible only when they passed a very interesting law. And the law was that property could only be inherited in the legitimate line of children. 'Legitimacy' , however, was defined as the product of marriages which had been conducted in churches. Now the propertied classes of Goa, particularly the Saraswat Brahmins, found a very interesting method of coping with this law. Often, one brother would convert to Catholicism and get married in the Church. Thereby, property would remain in the family while the rest of the family remained Hindu. The British were different from all the others who ruled over India. While all the previous rulers were rooted in India, the British remained foreign, ruling India as a colony. There is an interesting story about the construction of the Tughlaqabad fort. The saintly sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya was in the middle of a project to provide the people with a tank to collect rainwater when Sultan Ghiyasuddin announced his plan to build the massive fort. All laborers working on private projects were ordered to report immediately to the king's works. The Sheikh requested the Sultan to spare a few men for his Baoli but was refused. Upon this, Nizamuddin is said to have cursed the fort - "या रहे उजड़, या बसे गुज्जर (या तो किला उजड़ जाए या यहां चरवाहे रहें)" "It will either remain uninhabited or will be occupied by the wild Gujjars.” As it happens, the prophecy did come to pass. When Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq was in Bengal, he was told that Sheikh Nizamuddin Auliya was questioning the king's authority. The Sultan decided to come to Delhi to punish Nizamuddin. At which point, Nizamuddin is supposed to have said, "हुनूज दिल्ली दूर अस्त" ( दिल्ली अभी दूर है।) "Delhi is still far away." What actually happened was that when the Sultan reached the borders of Delhi, his son, who later went on to be known as Sultan Mohammed Bin Tughlaq erected a massive welcome arch and precisely at the moment when Pappa dear was under the arch and the son was not, the arch came collapsing down killing Ghiyasuddin.

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india invented