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ramshaw j biophysical chemical properties collagen 2020

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Textbook in PDF format Biophysical and Chemical Properties of Collagen: Biomedical Applications provides an introduction to the biophysics and chemistry of collagen and its use as a biomedical material in the rapidly changing fields of biomedical device production, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Written by experts in the field, this text will be of interest for researchers as well as lecturers and students. Preface Acknowledgments Author biographies John A M Ramshaw Veronica Glattauer Abbreviations Disclaimer Introduction Overview References The structure of collagen Composition X-ray diffraction studies Fibre diffraction Peptide diffraction Hydrogen bonding Hydration The role of hydroxyproline Different collagen types Other proteins with a triple-helix Animal proteins Bacterial collagens Protein sequences References Biosynthesis and biodegradation of collagen Biosynthetic pathway Selected secondary modification enzymes in collagen biosynthesis Prolyl hydroxylase Lysyl hydroxylase Lysyl oxidase Degradation of collagen in tissues References Collagen assemblies Ordered collagen structures Interstitial collagen fibrils Other ordered structures for interstitial collagens Ordered structures for other collagen types Fibrillogenesis Interstitial collagen fibril formation Regulation of collagen fibril formation Heterotypic collagen fibrils Interstitial collagen fibril growth Crimp in collagen fibrils References Tissue arrangement Formation of new tissue Native crosslinking Enzyme-initiated crosslinking Non-enzymatic crosslinking Examples of tissue structure Tissue organisation in tendon and ligament Tissue organisation in cornea Tissue organisation in skin Tissue organisation in other tissues Mineralisation Mechanical properties Soft tissues The effect of mineralisation References Collagen stability Molecular stability Individual soluble collagen molecule stability Tissue collagen stability Solvent effects on stability Peptide models to study stability Polypeptide models Defined peptide models Effects of solvents on peptide models Other uses for peptide models Synthetic peptide model designs References Interactions Describing interactions with other molecules Collagen network plots Collagen interactome maps Interactions with other collagens Interactions with proteoglycans Heparin and heparan sulfate glycan chains Interactions with other proteoglycans Interaction with globular proteins Signalling molecules Protease sites Other interaction sites Interactions with the immune system Responses to collagen-based products Antibodies to collagens as biochemical reagents Polyclonal antibodies Monoclonal antibodies Defining epitopes References Production of tissue-derived collagens Tissue and fibrous collagen Acellular matrix Soluble collagens Extraction of soluble collagen Extraction of acid soluble collagen Neutral salt soluble collagen Increasing soluble collagen yield Extraction of soluble collagen by tissue digestion Sources for specific collagen types Production of collagen in cell culture Fractionation of soluble collagens Further purification of soluble collagens Ion exchange chromatography Gel permeation chromatography Affinity chromatography Other approaches References Production of recombinant collagens Recombinant animal collagen production Bacterial expression Animal cell expression Yeast expression Transgenic expression Purification and quality Recombinant bacterial collagen production Recombinant ‘bioengineered’ adaptations to collagen structures Adaptations to animal collagens Adaptations to bacterial collagens Recombinant chimeric fusion proteins De novo designed structures References Evaluation of the quality of collagen preparations Collagen quantitation Solution properties Electrophoretic methods Optical methods UV and visible spectroscopy IR spectroscopy CD and ORD spectroscopy Microscopy Refractive index Biophysical methods Calorimetry Other methods References Fabrication of biomedical products Gels and hydrogels Foams and sponges Foams Sponges Measurement of pore size and porosity Reconstituted fibres Wet spinning Electrospinning Printing Films and membranes Beads and particles Using purified, soluble collagen Using collagen fibre dispersions Using collagen tissue Fibrous capsule materials Biosynthetic materials Other technologies Ionic liquids Alignment technologies Sterilisation Physical approaches including irradiation Chemical and other approaches Bovine spongiform encephalopathy References Chemical modifications Chemical crosslinking methods Aldehyde-based crosslinks Other crosslink approaches Introducing zero-length crosslinks Physical crosslinking Direct, non-catalysed reactions Catalysed reactions Assessing the effectiveness of crosslinking Physical methods Chemical and biological methods Site-specific chemical modifications Additional reactions with amino groups Reactions with other functional groups References Applications for intact tissue collagen Stabilised tissues Intestine Amnion Pericardium Heart valve Issues with calcification of tissue-based devices Other tissues Acellular matrix References Applications for purified collagen Gels and hydrogels Tissue augmentation Dermal repair Ophthalmic uses Other uses of gels Hydrogels Foams and sponges Dermal wound repair Haemostats Orthopaedic applications Other applications Films and membranes Periodontal treatment Adhesion control Nerve repair Other examples Beads and particles Reconstituted fibres References Applications of biosynthetic materials Vascular devices Background technologies Biosynthetic vascular device Explant analyses Hernia, ligament and other options References Collagen applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine Fabricated collagen as a supporting structure Musculoskeletal and associated tissues Cardiovascular tissues Other tissues ACM as a supporting structure Bladder and urologic tissues Other tissues Organ replacements References Coating of biomedical materials with collagen Coating of synthetic polymers Plasma modification prior to collagen coating Chemical modification of surfaces Layer-by-layer coating Collagen on metals and inorganic materials Metallic surfaces Ceramic surfaces References Composites of collagen with other materials Composites with other biopolymers Proteins Carbohydrates Composites with synthetic polymers Hydrogel and related composites Two phase systems Composites with inorganic materials Hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate phases Other inorganic materials Composites with bioactive entities Growth factors Delivery of drugs, including antibiotics References Concluding remarks References

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ramshaw j biophysical chemical properties collagen 2020