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crow d principles applications electrochemistry 4ed 1994

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Textbook in PDF format This fourth edition represents a considerable revision. Structurally it is different from its predecessors in that principles and applications are separated. Several derivations which at first (and maybe even subsequent) readings of their context, may be omitted without in any way detracting from the main theme have been placed in Appendices. Other areas have been re-ordered, expanded or given greater prominence. An example is the section on Electrochemical Sensors which now forms a chapter on its own; another area is that of Electro-analytical Techniques which again has a chapter devoted to it and which includes a number of modern methods not included in earlier editions. Maintenance of a proper balance between selectivity and detail is always a problem in writing a text such as this one: however, in producing this new edition, which is both re-structured and modestly expanded, the aim has been to bring the essentials into focus and context, but to point the way to further study, expanded treatment and greater intellectual depth. Above all,it has been my concern that the shape of the subject of Electrochemistry should be stated at the outset and not lost or obscured during the reading of particular parts, that its coherence should be evident and that its wider application should be appreciated. The development and structure of electrochemistry The ubiquitous nature of electrochemistry The historical dimension The domains of electrochemistry Part I Principles Ionic interaction: the ways in which ions affect each other in solution The nature of electrolytes Ion activity The Debye-Hiickel equation Ion association Ionic equilibria: the behaviour of acids and bases Classical theory. The Arrhenius dissociation model The Bronsted-Lowry concept of acids and bases Strengths of acids and bases in aqueous solution Extent of acidity and the pH scale Hydrolysis. Salt solutions showing acid-base properties Calculation of the pH of salt solutions Buffer systems Operation and choice of visual indicators The conducting properties of electrolytes The significance of conductivity data Conductivity and the transport properties of ions Rationalization of relationships between molar conductivity and electrolyte concentration Conductivity at high field strengths and high frequency of alternation of the field Electrical migration and transport numbers Interfacial phenomena: double layers The interface between conducting phases The electrode double layer Polarized and non-polarized electrodes Electrocapillarity: the Lippmann equation Models for the double layer Electrokinetic phenomena Behaviour of colloidal systems Electrode potentials and electrochemical cells Comparison of chemical and electrochemical reactions Electrode potentials: their origin and significance Electrode potentials and activity: the Nemst equation Disturbance of the electrode equilibrium The hydrogen scale and the IUPAC convention Other reference electrodes Concentration cells and emf measurements Concentration cells without liquid junctions Concentration cells with liquid junctions Membrane equilibria Electrode processes Equilibrium and non-equilibrium electrode potentials The kinetics of electrode processes: the Butler-Volmer equation The relationship between current density and overvoltage: the Tafel equation The modern approach to the interpretation of electrode reactions Electrolysis and overvoltage Hydrogen and oxygen overvoltage Theories of hydrogen overvoltage Part II Applications Determination and investigation of physical parameters Applications of the Debye-Hiickel equation Determination of equilibrium constants by conductivity measurements Thermodynamics of cell reactions Determination of standard potentials and mean ion activity coefficients The determination of transport numbers Determination of equilibrium constants by measurements of potential The experimental determination of pH Electroanalytical techniques What constitues electroanalysis? Conductimetric titrations Potentiometric titrations Classical voltammetric techniques Modern polarographic methods Voltammetry based on forced controlled convection Cyclic voltammetry Ultramicroelectrodes Electrogravimetry Coulometric methods Electrochemical sensors Ion-selective electrodes Problems with ion-selective electrodes Chemically modified electrodes Gas-sensing electrodes Enzyme electrodes Sensors based on modified metal oxide field effect transistors (MOSFETs) The wall-jet ring-disc electrode (WJRDE) The exploitation of electrode processes Mixed potentials and double electrodes Electrochemical processes as sources of energy Electrocatalysis and electrosynthesis Electrochemistry on an industrial scale

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crow d principles applications electrochemistry 4ed 1994

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